Upcoming Medical Conferences in Keystone

Society of Military Orthopaedic Surgeons (SOMOS) 60th Annual Meeting is organized by Society of Military Orthopaedic Surgeons (SOMOS) and will be held from Dec 10 - 14, 2018 at Keystone Resort, Keystone, Colorado, United States of America. Additional details will be posted as soon as they are available.

Mitochondrial Biology in Heart and Skeletal Muscle (J1) is organized by Keystone Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology and will be held from Jan 13 - 17, 2019 at Keystone Resort, Keystone, Colorado, United States of America. Conference Summary : Mitochondria are highly dynamic and communicative organelles that regulate a variety of cellular processes including energy homeostasis, redox status, thermogenesis and cell death via apoptosis. Mitochondria collaborate with a host of intracellular organelles including endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes, lysosomes and nuclei to maintain metabolic homeostasis. Mitochondrial dysfunction disrupts metabolism and is thought to underlie cellular aging as well as the development of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, heart failure and aging-associated sarcopenia. Since mitochondria are enriched in cardiac and striated skeletal muscle, and since these tissues are critical in regulating whole body metabolism, insulin action, and locomotion, the objective of this conference is to identify novel mechanisms controlling mitochondrial function and connect mitochondrial phenotypes with improved health and disease pathobiology. New insight into the biology and pathobiology of mitochondria will allow for the advance of therapeutic approaches that can be utilized to combat metabolic-related diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. The ongoing convergence of the fields of muscle metabolism and mitochondrial biology since our understanding of the precise molecular signaling that links mitochondrial function (biogenesis, fission-fusion-mitophagy dynamics, and mitochondrial genome integrity) with integrative metabolism and muscle action remains inadequate. These deficiencies in our fundamental knowledge of mitochondrial biology and the implications of this knowledge gap in the treatment and clinical care of common and rare mitochondrial diseases underpin the importance of this proposed Keystone conference. Moreover, opportunities for interdisciplinary interactions will be further enhanced by the joint conference on “Mitochondria in Aging and Age-related Pathology.” This conference will bring together investigators from diverse areas of integrative biology and metabolism who typically do not interact or attend the same research symposia, sparking the development of new collaborations, novel biological concepts and innovative therapeutic strategies to harness the mitochondria for metabolic disease prevention. Plenary Session Topics: • Mitochondria in Cardiovascular Aging and Disease (Joint) • Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria and Metabolic Regulation • Calcium Signaling in Muscle Mitochondria • Novel Regulators of Mitochondrial Metabolism • Mitochondria and Cell Death • Mitochondrial Dynamics and Metabolism • Mitochondria in Aging Muscle (Joint) • Mitochondria, Energy Expenditure and Insulin Sensitivity

Mitochondria in Aging and Age-Related Disease (J2) is organized by Keystone Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology and will be held from Jan 13 - 17, 2019 at Keystone Resort, Keystone, Colorado, United States of America. Course Description : Aging is the greatest risk factor for most human diseases, yet the underlying reasons for this are not clear and hence remain under intense investigation. Mitochondria have long been associated with aging as the cornerstones of the “mitochondrial” and “free radical” theories of aging. However, that the role of mitochondria in aging is simply due to declines in ATP production and increased oxidative stress via reactive oxygen species production is giving way to more complex hypotheses. These are driven by the realization that mitochondria are dynamic and have multiple additional roles in cell and organismal physiology (e.g., signaling and immunity). The goal of this conference is to bring together investigators working at the interface of mitochondria and aging to begin to develop network theories of mitochondrial contributions to aging and age-related diseases that take into account both “old” and “new” functions of mitochondria. Topics covered will include neurodegeneration, cancer, metabolic diseases, inflammation and mitochondrial signaling pathways. This conference is being held jointly with that on “Mitochondrial Biology in Heart and Skeletal Muscle,” allowing in-depth coverage of mitochondria in cardiovascular aging and sarcopenia. It is expected that this conference will facilitate new interactions and collaborations at the interface of aging and mitochondrial biology. This should catalyze new research toward therapies for age-related diseases based on selectively targeting mitochondrial functions and signaling pathways in specific physiological and disease contexts. Workshops will highlight work from exciting new investigators so they can receive constructive feedback and develop new collaborations and research networks. Session Topics: • Mitochondria in Cardiovascular Aging and Disease (Joint) • Workshop 1 (Joint) • Mitochondrial Quality Control in Aging and Longevity • Mitochondria in Age-Related Pathology • Mitochondrial Metabolism in Aging • Mitochondrial Signaling in Aging • Mitochondria in Immunity and Inflammation • Mitochondria in Aging Muscle (Joint) • Workshop 2 (Joint) • Mitochondria Dynamics and Aging Additional details will be posted as soon as they are available.

Digital Health: From Science to Application (A5) is organized by Keystone Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology and will be held from Jan 21 - 25, 2019 at Keystone Resort, Keystone, Colorado, United States of America. Course Description : This conference will be the first digital health meeting that focuses specifically on the scientific foundations and the health applications of digital technologies. Taking a novel sensor or new device from concept to clinic is remarkably complex, and the technologies are evolving rapidly. Digital technology offers novel capabilities that have great potential to drive chronic disease understanding and management at both an individual and population level, including the ability to deliver real-time interventions that can be connected to a healthcare system, in a community setting or in limited-resource settings. The increased use of digital capture devices has become a universal part of everyday life; however, more research is needed to provide evidence that wearables and even more sophisticated implantable medical devices will transform healthcare delivery quality and costs. This Keystone Symposia conference specifically will aim to highlight the following: • The scientific/medical gaps in knowledge and opportunities to fill them; • Required methodologies for medical and technical validation; and • Specifics of data and knowledge management and the opportunities within specific subspecialties and environments. Additional details will be posted as soon as they are available.

Cellular Plasticity: Reprogramming, Regeneration and Metaplasia (J3) is organized by Keystone Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology and will be held from Jan 27 - 31, 2019 at Keystone Resort, Keystone, Colorado, United States of America. Course Description : Traditionally, differentiated cells were thought to be post-mitotic. However, now we know mature cells in diverse tissues can reprogram, re-enter the cell cycle, and spawn other lineages (e.g., they revert back to stem cells or adopt other identities). The scientific and health implications are substantial. For one, cellular plasticity might be harnessed to regenerate damaged tissue (e.g., insulin-secreting cells, liver, gut), but repeated reprogramming events – as cells respond to inflammation/injury – can also cause tissue derangement (metaplasia) that predisposes to cancer. Furthermore, cancer cells can harness such plasticity mechanisms to subvert therapy. Thus, defining the mechanisms that allow mature cells to switch identities holds great promise for understanding disease pathogenesis and developing new therapies. This conference gathers the diverse, dynamic field of plasticity/reprogramming together for the first time with the aim of understanding if similar mechanisms underlie plasticity in diverse organs and organisms. The hypothesis is that cellular reprogramming occurs via evolutionarily conserved cellular processes as fundamental to a multicellular organism as apoptosis. Specifically, the conference aims to: • Elucidate mechanisms of plasticity in diverse adult tissues • Explore plasticity’s evolutionary context • Elucidate its role in metaplasia/cancer, and • Investigate how it can be harnessed therapeutically. Plenary Session Topics : • Plasticity and Signaling in Development and Homeostasis (Joint) • Stem Cell Recruitment and Metaplasia • Cancer and Plasticity • Reprogramming Cells to Assemble and Repair Organs • Plasticity and Signaling in Regeneration and Tumorigenesis (Joint) • Workshop – Nomenclature in Cell Plasticity: “Plasticity,” “Dedifferentiation,” “Transdifferentiation,” “Reprogramming,” “Reversion” - Can We Agree What These Mean? • Transcriptional Regulation of Cell Plasticity • Injury, Inflammation and Regeneration • Applications of Cell Plasticity Additional details will be posted as soon as they are available.

Signal Dynamics and Signal Integration in Development and Disease (J4) is organized by Keystone Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology and will be held from Jan 27 - 31, 2019 at Keystone Resort, Keystone, Colorado, United States of America. Course Description : The discovery and study of the major developmental signaling pathways (Notch, Hh, Wnt, TGF-beta, Hippo, RTK) have illuminated how patterning and growth are controlled in metazoans. These pathways are reiteratively used during development and adult life, acting to maintain stem cells and direct tissue repair and regeneration. When they are disrupted, cancer develops. This conference embraces recent progress in quantitative biology, mathematical modelling, single cell analysis and intravital imaging. It also presents a major opportunity to bring together knowledge from developmental systems with adult homeostasis, regeneration and cancer, as well as to elucidate how different developmental signals are integrated to influence cellular decision-making processes. Bringing together cell/developmental biologists and stem cell, regeneration and cancer specialists, with a strong emphasis on multidisciplinary approaches that incorporate systems biology, mathematics and physics into the study of living systems, the conference aims to: • Explore the commonalities between signaling in development, regeneration and homeostasis • Leverage quantitative, single cell and systems biology to study the dynamics and integration of developmental signaling across scales, and • Highlight how perturbations in developmental pathways cause diseases such as cancer. Pairing the conference with the symposium on “Cellular Plasticity: Reprogramming, Regeneration, and Metaplasia” will also enhance the conferences’ impact and enable in-depth exploration of the parallels between plasticity/pluripotency in development, regeneration and disease. Plenary Session Topics : • Plasticity and Signaling in Development and Homeostasis (Joint) • Quantitative Approaches and Signaling Networks • Signaling Dynamics • Morphogen Gradients in Growth and Patterning • Plasticity and Signaling in Regeneration and Tumorigenesis (Joint) • Cell Competition and Mechanical Interactions • Developmental Signaling and Disease • Integration of Developmental Signaling Pathways Additional details will be posted as soon as they are available.

Molecular Approaches to Vaccines and Immune Monitoring (J5) is organized by Keystone Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology and will be held from Feb 10 - 14, 2019 at Keystone Resort, Keystone, Colorado, United States of America. Course Description : Vaccines address public health issues ranging from pandemic outbreaks to childhood disease. Despite this diversity, molecular approaches are beginning to find broad application. This Keystone Symposia conference seeks to bring together antibody aficionados, B cell immunologists, structural biologists and vaccine developers from government, academia, biotechnology and major pharmaceutical companies to review the utility of structure-based vaccine design and antibody-based immune monitoring, with the ultimate aspiration of transforming standard approaches of vaccine development. More specifically, the conference aims to: • Provide examples of the ”antibody-to-vaccine” paradigm for RSV, CMV and other pathogens that have resisted standard vaccinology • Detail procedures whereby B cells can be taught to make the right antibodies • Describe molecular approaches for vaccine improvement, and • Discuss how molecular approaches can be used to speed development (as may be needed, for example, in the case of pandemics) and to reduce developmental and regulatory costs (for vaccines in general and in particular to enable provision to the developing world). Overall, the conference seeks to integrate molecular approaches for vaccine development and read-out with other transformative advances including mRNA delivery, next-generation sequencing of B cell transcripts, and control of B cell-T cell interactions, the topic of the jointly held Keystone Symposia conference. Plenary Session Topics: • Targeting Appropriate Immune Responses for Structure-Based Design • Workshop 1: Molecular Characteristics of Serum Responses which Could Serve as Appropriate Templates for Vaccine Design • Clinical Results from Structure-Based Vaccines • B Cell Ontogenies as Vaccine Templates • Workshop 2: Antibody Isolation and B Cell Sequencing • Tackling Difficult Pathogens with Antibody-Based Vaccine Design • Immune Monitoring of B Cell Responses • Workshop 3: Molecular Approaches to Probe the Elicited Vaccine Response • Optimizing Vaccine Responses • Vaccines: Better, Faster and Less Expensive! • Workshop 4: Molecular Approaches for Rapid Identification/Optimization of Target Antigens • Reducing Vaccine Risks and Costs Additional details will be posted as soon as they are available.

B Cell-T Cell Interactions (J6) is organized by Keystone Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology and will be held from Feb 10 - 14, 2019 at Keystone Resort, Keystone, Colorado, United States of America. Course Description : B cell-T cell interactions underlie the maturation and production of high-affinity antibodies, and are thus key to the establishment of effective humoral immunity. While this greatly enhances our ability to fight pathogens, it also can lead to the development of allergies and autoimmune disease. While recent years have seen a burst in our understanding of how B cell-T cell interactions drive antibody affinity maturation, a number of gaps remain, including how these interactions influence the differentiation of B cells into effector fates and how they limit the emergence of autoreactive B cell clones. Most importantly, from the vaccine standpoint, it is likely that better understanding of how T cells help shape the B cell repertoire will allow us to better control the specificity of vaccine-induced immune responses. The aim of this Keystone Symposia conference is to: •  Present the most recent advances in the basic biology of the T cell-dependent B cell response, focusing on Tfh development and function and B cell activation and differentiation •  Address the gap in our understanding of the differentiation of B cells into post-activation (memory and plasma cell) fates •  Discuss how furthering our understanding of B-T cell interactions can inform vaccine development, and •  Present recent findings regarding the role of T-dependent B cell response in allergy and autoimmunity. Plenary Session Topics : • Tfh Biology • Workshop 1: B Cell Biology in T-Dependent Responses • Regulation of the GC Response • Germinal Center Biology • Workshop 2: Tfh/Tfr Differentiation and Function • Workshop 3: B Cell-T Cell Interactions in Disease • Memory Humoral Responses • Humoral Autoimmunity and Allergic Responses • T-Dependent B Cell Differentiation Additional details will be posted as soon as they are available.

Tumor Metabolism (B5) is organized by Keystone Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology and will be held from Feb 24 - 28, 2019 at Keystone Resort, Keystone, Colorado, United States of America. Course Description : Research over the past decade has considerably enhanced our understanding of metabolic changes that occur as cancers emerge from normal tissues, and it has become apparent that tumors evolve numerous mechanisms to obtain the nutrients they need to grow and to cope with the reactive oxygen species that are generated during high rates of growth. This Keystone Symposia conference will focus on approaches to identify and therapeutically exploit the various metabolic vulnerabilities of tumor cells compared to normal tissues. The major goal is to discuss how to develop new therapies to kill tumors based on emerging knowledge about metabolic vulnerabilities. As new drugs that target metabolism enter the clinic, we need biomarkers that reveal which tumors are likely to be vulnerable and biomarkers that reveal mechanisms of resistance. Specific aims are to: •  Understand how and why different tumor types evolve different mechanisms to obtain nutrients •  Explore how tumor cells protect themselves from reactive oxygen species •  Investigate differences in metabolism of metastatic tumors compared to primary tumors •  Understand how whole body metabolism relates to tumor metabolism, and •  Enhance our ability to monitor tumor metabolism via minimally invasive imaging. The anticipated outcomes are the sharing of unpublished discoveries about mechanisms used by primary and metastatic tumors to obtain nutrients from their environment as emerging technologies for monitoring tumor metabolism in vivo and ex vivo. The conference will bring together scientists and clinicians with widely different backgrounds in preclinical models of cancer, drug discovery, drug development, imaging and clinical trials to share information about: •  The diverse ways that tumors alter metabolism •  New drug targets suggested from this knowledge of tumor metabolism •  New technologies to monitor tumor metabolism in vivo and ex vivo •  Progress being made in pre-clinical studies with experimental approaches that alter tumor metabolism, and •  Progress in human clinical trials with new drugs that target metabolism. Plenary Session Topics: • Cancer Cell Metabolism • Feeding the Cancer • Metabolism and Metastasis • The Metabolism of ROS and Survival • Metabolism Outside the Tumor • Metabolic Adaptation and the Response to Therapy • Imaging Cancer Metabolism in vitro and in vivo • Modeling Cancer Metabolism in vitro​ Additional details will be posted as soon as they are available.

Innate and Non-Classical Immune Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy (C5) is organized by Keystone Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology and will be held from Mar 24 - 28, 2019 at Keystone Resort, Keystone, Colorado, United States of America. Course Description : Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of many cancer types over the past five years. T cell checkpoint inhibitors have led the way and are the focus of most immunotherapy trials. However innate and non-classical T cells contribute extensively to the tumor infiltrate and significantly impact on the tumor immune response in both the tumor microenvironment and in circulation. This symposium aims to bring together academic and industry opinion leaders in the fields of innate immune cells, natural killer cells, tumor microenvironment, tumor immune suppression, novel immunotherapeutic strategies and clinical cancer immunotherapy to define the next wave of immunotherapy breakthroughs that reach beyond the current T cell checkpoints. The meeting offers a unique opportunity for an audience of diverse immunology and cancer research backgrounds to come together and share cutting edge insight into cancer immunology and rationale approaches for therapeutic intervention that could be used as be stand alone or in combination with T cell checkpoint therapies. A key aim is to bring together experts with complementary interest in cancer immunotherapy that would not normally be drawn to common symposia and foster new dynamic collaborations to advance our understanding of tumor immunity. Additional details will be posted as soon as they are available.