The Japanese Society for Biomaterials (JSB) was established on December 4, 1978 by the President of JSB, Prof. Takeo Yokobori (Tohoku University, a pioneer in fracture mechanics) together with many distinguished professors in the fields of materials science, medicine, and dentistry, such as Prof. Haruyuki Kawahara (Osaka Dental University), Yasuhisa Sakurai (Tokyo Women’s Medical University), Teiji Tsuruta (University of Tokyo), Ishi Miura (Tokyo Medical and Dental University), Akio Nakajima (Kyoto University), Tadashi Sasada (Tokyo Institute of Technology) and the others. JSB is aiming at developing and improving science and technology regarding materials used in the body. Currently, JSB plays a key role as a center for interdisciplinary studies on biomaterials science and its applied research in domestic society and participates in the World Biomaterials Congress (WBC) and overseas scientific meetings on biomaterials as a member of the International Union of Societies for Biomaterials Science and Engineering (IUSBSE). JSB activities cover biomaterials science from base materials to the medical devices, through industry-academia-government collaboration, and hold academic lectures, granting scientific awards, publishing journals, developing guidelines for medical devices in relation to clinical trials. Based on these activities, JSB is contributing to activating the interdisciplinary studies in biomaterials science.