OVERVIEW

Stress, Immune System & Periodontal Diseas is organized by Homestead Schools, Inc. This course has been approved for a maximum of 6 CE Units.

Learning Objectives:
• Define stress, distress, and coping style.
• List the three hormones and their associated glands necessary for communication between the brain and immune system.
• Define homeostasis.
• Define neuroimmunomodulation.
• Discuss the impact of acute and protracted stress on the immune system.
• Discuss the role of life events in periodontal disease.
• Discuss the first and second models proposed by Genco to explain the role of psychosocial stress on periodontal disease.
• Discuss the relationship between stress and acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG).
• Discuss the proposed psychoneuroimmunologic link between Bacteroides forsythus, a periodontal pathogen, and adult periodontitis.
• Discuss the relationship between hypercorticoidism, osteoporosis, and major depression.
• Discuss the impact of stress on the distribution of immune cells.
• Discuss the proposed mechanisms of stress-induced changes in leukocyte distribution.
• Explain the bidirectional effect of stress.
• Discuss the glucocorticoid hormone paradox.
• Explain the catecholamine connection.
• Discuss how stress induces cytokine production.
• Explain how cytokines regulate the periodontal ligament.
• Explain how bacteria paralyze oral mucosal defense.
• Discuss trait anxiety and periodontal disease.
• Discuss the relationship between stress and the bone-resorptive cytokine, interleukin-6.