Vaccination is arguably the most successful medical intervention, which has become a mandatory part of many countries’ health care programs and has shown to be an effective instrument to control infectious diseases worldwide in humans and animals, e. g. by the extermination of small pox and the “rinderpest”. The development and launch of novel vaccines has seen a turn-around in the 1980s, which has been facilitated by the appearance of novel pathogens, by the need to control global infectious disease and by the impressive progress made in relevant areas of science and technology; particularly the encouraging progress made in the fields of immunology, molecular biology, genomics and host-parasite interaction, but also the progress in the arena of novel manufacturing technologies.